The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) reference model is a framework for understanding how communications systems work. It divides the process of transmitting data between two devices into seven separate layers, each of which performs a specific function. The OSI model is often used as a way to describe how different networking protocols and technologies fit into the overall process of transmitting data.
The seven layers of the OSI model are:
Physical Layer: This layer deals with the physical connection between devices, including the cables and connectors used to transmit data.
Data Link Layer: This layer is responsible for establishing a link between two devices and ensuring that data is transmitted reliably over that link.
Network Layer: This layer is responsible for routing data between different devices on a network. It determines the best path for data to travel and ensures that it gets to its destination.
Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for end-to-end communication between devices and ensures that data is delivered reliably and in the correct order.
Session Layer: This layer is responsible for establishing, maintaining, and terminating connections between devices.
Presentation Layer: This layer is responsible for translating data into a form that can be understood by the application layer.
Application Layer: This layer is the highest layer of the OSI model and is responsible for interacting with the user and providing access to network resources.
Each layer of the OSI model communicates with the layers above and below it using a specific set of protocols and standards. This allows different devices and systems to communicate with each other, even if they use different technologies.
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