The TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference model is a framework for understanding how communications systems work on the internet. It divides the process of transmitting data between two devices into four separate layers, each of which performs a specific function.
The four layers of the TCP/IP model are:
Network Interface Layer: This layer is responsible for transmitting data over a physical network connection, such as an Ethernet cable.
Internet Layer: This layer is responsible for routing data between different devices on the internet. It determines the best path for data to travel and ensures that it gets to its destination.
Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for end-to-end communication between devices and ensures that data is delivered reliably and in the correct order.
Application Layer: This layer is the highest layer of the TCP/IP model and is responsible for interacting with the user and providing access to network resources.
The TCP/IP model is often used as a way to describe how different networking protocols and technologies fit into the overall process of transmitting data on the internet. It is the primary model used for communication on the internet, as opposed to the OSI model, which is more general and is used for communication over other types of networks.
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